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Disease Profile

Frias syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

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ICD-10

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Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

14q22q23 microdeletion syndrome; Del(14)(q22q23); Monosomy 14q22-q23;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 264200

Definition
14q22q23 microdeletion syndrome is a rare partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 14 characterized by ocular anomalies (anopthalmia/microphthalmia, ptosis, hypertelorism, exophthalmos), pituitary anomalies (pituitary hypoplasia/aplasia with growth hormone deficiency and growth retardation) and hand/foot anomalies (polydactyly, short digits, pes cavus). Other clinical features may include muscular hypotonia, psychomotor development delay/intellectual disability, dysmorphic signs (facial asymmetry, microretrognathia, high-arched palate, ear anomalies), congenital genitourinary malformations, hearing impairment. Smaller 14q22 deletions may have variable expression.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Anophthalmia
Absence of eyeballs
Failure of development of eyeball
Missing eyeball
No eyeball

[ more ]

0000528
Atresia of the external auditory canal
Absent ear canal
0000413
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis

[ more ]

0000028
Cupped ear
Cup-shaped ears
Simple, cup-shaped ears

[ more ]

0000378
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Downturned corners of mouth
Downturned corners of the mouth
Downturned mouth

[ more ]

0002714
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds

[ more ]

0000286
Global developmental delay
0001263
High forehead
0000348
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes

[ more ]

0000316
Muscular hypotonia
Low or weak muscle tone
0001252
Optic nerve aplasia
0012521
Posteriorly rotated ears
Ears rotated toward back of head
0000358
Preauricular skin tag
0000384
Proptosis
Bulging eye
Eyeballs bulging out
Prominent eyes
Prominent globes
Protruding eyes

[ more ]

0000520
Ptosis
Drooping upper eyelid
0000508
Scrotal hypoplasia
Smaller than typical growth of scrotum
0000046
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Agenesis of corpus callosum
0001274
Anterior pituitary hypoplasia
Underdeveloped pituitary gland
0010627
Brachycephaly
Short and broad skull
0000248
Diabetes insipidus
0000873
Malar flattening
Zygomatic flattening
0000272
Micrognathia
Little lower jaw
Small jaw
Small lower jaw

[ more ]

0000347
Underdeveloped nasal alae
Underdeveloped tissue around nostril
0000430
Ventriculomegaly
0002119
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Adrenal hypoplasia
Small adrenal glands
0000835
Bilateral single transverse palmar creases
0007598
Clinodactyly of the 5th finger
Permanent curving of the pinkie finger
0004209
Decreased fetal movement
Less than 10 fetal movements in 12 hours
0001558
Delayed skeletal maturation
Delayed bone maturation
Delayed skeletal development

[ more ]

0002750
Finger syndactyly
0006101
Hearing impairment
Deafness
Hearing defect

[ more ]

0000365
Renal hypoplasia
Small kidneys
Underdeveloped kidneys

[ more ]

0000089
Short 4th metacarpal
Shortened 4th long bone of hand
0010044
Short 5th metacarpal
Shortened 5th long bone of hand
0010047
Short foot
Short feet
Small feet

[ more ]

0001773
Short palm
0004279
Toe syndactyly
Fused toes
Webbed toes

[ more ]

0001770
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal dominant inheritance
0000006

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Frias syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.